Coil winding machine



Jan. 11, 1955 Filed Jan. 16,- 1952 S. WEINREICH ET AL COIL WINDING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet l l'l'ill INVENTORS Jan. 11, 1955 s. WEINREICH ETAL COIL WINDING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 16, 1952 EZIII Jan. 1955 s. WEINREICH ET AL 2,699,297

con WINDING MACHINE Filed Jan. 16, 1952 5 he t he t 3 Arm ran/Er Jan. 11, 1955 s. WEINREICH ETAL COIL WINDING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheetv 4 Filed Jan. 16, 1952 Arroemry Jan. 11, 1955 s, WEINREICH E AL 2,699,297

COIL WINDING MACHINE- Filed Jan. 16, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORS J04 WH/WEf/d/ 6, MIL raxv min MAN United States Patent 2,699,297 con. WINDING MACHINE Sol Weinreich, Rockville Centre, and Milton Newman, New York, N. Y.

Application January 16, 1952, Serial No. 266,704 9 Claims. (Cl. 242-9) The present invention is directed to coil winding machmes, more particularly to equipment which is adapted to wind a plurality of coils on a single mandrel simultaneously and WhlCh is capable of handling wires of a large range of diameters.

Machines of this type are well known and have been used for many years. In most cases they operate satisfactonly but they have a number of disadvantages. Some such devices are complicated to set up or are constructed so as to tend to wear or develop other defects which reduce the effectiveness and accuracy thereof. In particular most prior machines have failed to accurately predetermine the length of the coils to be wound. Also the adjustments on most machines were relatively coarse, particularly where very fine wires were involved.

The present invention is intended and adapted to overcome the difiiculties and disadvantages inherent in prior machines of the type described, it being among the objects of the present invention to provide a machine of the character described wherein the accuracy of winding has been greatly increased, said accuracy being determined by three basic factors: I, feed per turn; II, winding length or number of turns per layer; and III, instantaneous itnd accurate reversal of carriage travel at end of each ayer.

It is also among the objects of the present invention to provide an improved take off arrangement, i. e. a method for quickly and accurately preparing for winding subsequent similar coils after the first one of a particular design has been fully or partially completed, depending upon its particular requirements.

It is further among the objects of the present invention to provide a coil winding machine having various features of adjustment and control which facilitate the winding operations.

The present invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings constituting a part hereof and in which like reference characters indicate like parts, and wherein- Fig. l is a top plan view of a coil winding machine with the cover thereof removed and showing the left hand portion thereof;

Fig. l-A is a top plan view complementary to Fig. 1 and intended to be held together therewith and showing the right hand portion of said machine;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the gear box at the left of the machine with the uppermost set of gears removed;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

fFfi g. 41is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 0 1g.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 6-6 of Fig. 1-A;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view slmilar to Fig. 6 and showing the take-off mechanism in its upper position;

Fig. 8 is a front elevational view of the central portlon of the machine showing particularly the microswitches used to control the reversal of the carriage movement;

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 9-9 of Fig. 1-A;

Fig. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary detailed view showing the mounting of the roller in the right end of the frame; and

Fig. 11 is an enlarged fragmentary view of a mandrel on which coils are wound.

The frame of the machine consists essentially of a series of plates 1, 2 and 3, placed in a vertical pos1t1on and being tied together by a pair of front rods (not shown) and a pair of rear rods 4. Plate 5 closes the front of the machine. Section 6 between plates 1 and 2 constitutes the feed change and part of the carriage reversing mechanism and clutch. Section 7 between plates 2 and 3 holds various mechanisms including a mandrel clutch, length controls, carriage reversing controls and mechanism except clutch. A belt 8 from a. source of power operates over pulley 9, which is connected to horizontal spindle shaft 10. Keyway 11 in said shaft ice 5 provides means for driving the pinion gear in holder 87,

said pinion gear, through an idler, being means for drivmg shaft 89 upon engagement with any gear thereon except gear 92, as is explained below. At the right hand end of shaft 10 is a clutch arrangement 12 adapted to cooperate with a stub spindle shaft 10. This in turn is adapted to rotate hand wheel 13 and the coil mandrel.

Extension 14 has a recess therein for the reception of one end of a mandrel 18. The opposite end of the mandrel 18 is held in a tailstock 16. At the left hand end of said mandrel is a ratchet gear 19 and an extension 20 on sa1d mandrel is adapted to be held in the recess of stub 14. The opposite end 21 of mandrel 18 is in operative arrangement with the tailstock 16.

A pair of standards 22 secured to the base of the machine have at the upper ends thereof pivot pins :23. Crank lever arms 24 connected together by rod 25 have one end mounted on pins 23 and the other ends have notches for receiving the ends of a mandrel. A dog 26 pivoted at 27 is adapted to cooperate with ratchet teeth 27' on glm 24 and it is held in contacting relation by coil spring Dog 29 mounted on the free end of lever 24 is held in position by flat spring 30 so that it contacts the teeth of ratchet 19. Above mandrel 18 is roller 31 having grooves 32 therein for guiding wire to be wound on a core on mandrel 18. Said roller is mounted between arms 15 and 17. Pad 33 having sponge rubber in the inside thereof is secured between arms 15 and 17 and a guide roller 34 is also secured between said arms. An additional pad 33 or roller is provided for guiding wire 35, if necessary. A plurality of Wires 35 from spools suitably mounted pass under guide roller 34 over pad 33 and in the grooves of roller 31 and onto mandrel 18. Pad 33 may be eliminated depending on the type of tension rack used, section of mandrel, etc. As shown in Fig. 10, there is a bearing on one end of roller 31 having a threaded extension passing through arm 17 with a knurled end for hand adjustment. Set screw 17' holds it in adjusted position. A bearing in arm 15 receives the other end of the roller.

In the normal operation of the machine, mandrel 18 is rotated by mechanism suitably described below, winding the wires thereon and forming the coils. When the coils are completed, mandrel 18 is removed from its bearings and placed in the notches at the free end of levers 24, as shown at 18' in Figs. 6 and 7. Then a new mandrel 18 is inserted over wires 35 and pushed into position in the bearings as shown in Fig. 6. Levers 24 are raised while mandrel 18 is rotated, if necessary, to prevent slack wires, the mandrel being held in place by ratchet 19' and dog 29. However, other means for obtaining one-way rotation may be substituted. Then new mandrel 18 is given one or two turns to allow all the wires to fall into their natural lineup. Then the wires are taped to mandrel 18 to hold them in starting position. The wires between mandrels 18 and 18' are now cut. Mandrel 18' is lifted out and dog 26 is then released to allow lever 24 to assume its lower position. Then winding may be started on the new mandrel.

In winding layer wound coils it is necessary that there be a carriage over which the wires pass to the winding mandrel. This carriage reciprocates over a length equal to the length of the coils being wound. A threaded shaft 36 in section 7 and connected to gearing in section 6 is threaded into one end of a carriage 37 consisting of horizontal rods and end pieces 37. The rotation of threaded shaft 36 in the adjacent threaded end piece 37' causes longitudinal movement of the carriage. A projection or bar 38 extending upwardly from the carriage makes contact with microswitches 43 on opposite sides thereof. There is further provided in section 7 a horizontal rod 40 and spaced therefrom and parallel thereto is a threaded shaft 41-41 having right and left hand threads respectively and mounted for rotation between plates 2 and 3. A pair of threaded holders 43 embrace shaft 41-41 and also guide bar 40 and are adapted to be moved longitudinally by rotation of said shaft.

Mounted on holders 42 are micro switches 43 having contacts 44 in alinement with sides 39 of bar 38. The rotation of shaft 36 causes extension 38 to move between holders 42 to one or the other side, making contact alternately with contacts 44. Such contacts close the switch circuits which reverse the rotation of shaft 36 and thus reverse the movements of the carriage, as is explained in detail below. Alternate switches, wired in parallel with switches 43 are mounted on the face of plate and may be used to reverse the carriage regardless of the position of projection 38.

On shaft 41 is a bevel gear 45 meshing with bevel gear 45 carried by horizontal shaft 46. A set of gearing 4748 is mounted on front plate 5 and a disk 49 outside of plate 5 is connected to said gearing so that rotation of shaft 46 will be transmitted to disk 49. A handle 50 is secured to the outer end of shaft 46. Said disk and handle may be manipulated by hand in order to adjust the distance between holders 42 and thus adjust the winding length of the coils. Disk 49 being connected to shaft 41' by reduction gearing rotates simultaneously therewith. The disk has markings which indicate to the operator the spacing between switches 43. Each revolution of handle 50 registers one unit on disk 49 and the fine final adjustment is obtained by fractional turns of handle 50. In one embodiment of the machine, the rotation of handle 50, a full turn, will vary the winding length one-eighth inch, thus permitting an easy visible adjustment to one-sixty-fourth inch or less. Thus an extremely delicate and close adjustment is obtainable between approximately fl minimum and 4" (in the present embodiment) maximum winding length. The combination of adjustment controls permits consistent length setting to within a fraction of a turn per layer. Furthermore, the method of length adjustment, i. e. increasing or decreasing both ways from center lends itself readily to pyramid winding without in any way objectionably affecting its normal winding setting.

The tailstock 16 has embodied therein a ready means for clamping mandrel 18 in position. A rod 51 journalled in box 16 has pin 52 extending transversely therefrom. A fork 53 has its upper end embracing pin 52 and its lower end pivoted at 54 to rod 55, the left hand end of which extends through the wall of box 16. The opposite end is threaded as at 56 and extends freely through the wall of box 16, and has an adjusting nut 57 threaded thereon. A sponge rubber or other resilient washer such as 57, is inserted between box 16 and nut 57.

A toggle consisting of a link 58 pivoted at 61' to an intermediate portion of fork 53 is pivoted to eccentric r 59 by pin 60. A pivot 61 on eccentric 59 is mounted in box 16. A handle 62 on the outside of said box is secured to pivot 61. In the operation of the tailstock, handle 62 is in the locked position, as shown, with the right hand end of eccentric 59 touching the inner wall of box 16 or an adjusting screw which acts as a stop. In said position pin 60 is slightly beyond the line joining the pivots of link 58 and eccentric 59, resulting in a positive lock. When it is desired to release mandrel 18, handle 62 is rotated, thus raising pin 60, shortening the distance between the two pivots 61 and 61 and moving the fork 53 to the right. This in turn shifts bar 51 to the right, retracting the tailstock from the mandrel, which may now be removed.

Means are provided for connecting and disconnecting spindle shaft 10 from shaft 10' and associated parts. As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the right hand end of shaft 10 is provided with teeth 62 adapted to lock with corresponding teeth 62'. The latter carries gear 63 which meshes with gear 64 on shaft 10'. In a groove 65 of slidable sleeve 65 a pin 66 operates, the latter extending from clutch lever 67, which is pivoted at 68 in plate 5. Clutch handle 69 is provided on the outside of plate 5.

At the left hand end of shaft 10 is a bevelled gear 70 meshing with a corresponding gear 70'. Extending upwardly from the latter is a shaft 71 held in bracket 71 on plate 3. Shaft 71 extends upwardly to the top of the machine and is connected to a suitable counter not shown. When clutch 62-462 is disconnected the gearing in section 6 may be manipulated and altered without turning shaft 10, and the position of carriage 37 may be adjusted without registering on the counter or rotating spindle 18.

In order to adjust tthe height of guide 31 relative to mandrel 18 there is provided a frame pivoted on shaft the mandrel.

37. The frame consists of parallel arms 15 and 17 across which pads 33 and 33' are fixed as shown in Fig. l-A. Tube 72 between arms 15 and 17 has a rod therein, one end 73 of which is threaded and operates in a threaded opening in plate 74, the latter adapted to bear against one face of end piece 37' of the carriage. Block aids in guiding plate 74. The opposite end 76 of the rod passes freely through arm 17 and has plate 74' bearing against adjacent end piece 37 with block 75 aiding in guiding plate 74. Boss 76 fixed to end 76 has handle 77 projecting therefrom.

When it is desired to adjust the position of guide 31, handle "/7 is rotated counter-clockwise causing end 73 of the rod to move to the right loosening plates 74 and 74, thus allowing the frame to pivot about shaft 37. The height of guide 31 is adjusted to conform with the diameter of the coils to be wound, after which handle 77 is rotated in the opposite direction drawing plates 74 and 74 together. This locks them onto end pieces 37 and fixes the distance between guide 31 and mandrel 18. In this manner, double end locking of the carriage is obtained by one control in a readily accessible position.

In winding coils on the mandrel, the carriage 37 and associated parts permits a plurality of wires to pass onto The carriage shifts to one side parallel with the spindle shaft and mandrel a distance equal to the width of each coil or a part thereof. Then it reverses its movement and shifts to the other side an equal distance, laying one layer of wire on the mandrel with each such movement. This is continued until the desired number of layers or turns are wound. The shifting is controlled by switches 43 and associated mechanism. At the end of the travel of the carriage, a face 39 of projection 38 presses on contact 44 of one switch 43 closing a circuit through a latching relay (not shown). One side of this relay is connected to solenoid 78 and the other side of said relay is connected to alined solenoid '79. A pair of solenoid plungers 89 extending into solenoids 78 and 79 are connected by bar 80' so that they move as an integral unit. Mounted centrally on bar 80 is yoke 81 which operates member 82, the latter carrying cone-shaped molded friction brake linings on both its ends. These linings operate within conical steel clutches 83 and 84 which rotate continuously in opposite directions. Thus shaft 36 is connected alternately to the two clutches for reversing the travel of the carriage. Springs 85 around bar 80 have plates 86 which contact yoke 81 in either clutching position and hold the cones in gripping position because spring 85 is in compression. Adjustment provided by nuts 81 allows spring setting to full capacity with positive seating of solenoid plungers or cores to attain maximum efficiency.

Due to the various sizes of wire capable of being wound on the machine, a variable carriage feed is necessary. Therefore, gearing is provided which will permit a wide ratio of feed relative to the rotation of mandrel 18, taking into account a large number of sizes of wires. In the machine illustrated thirty sizes of wire may be accommodated and the gear ratios average three adjustments for each size, making ninety adjustments in all, and these adjustments are obtained by the use of only two handles for changing gears.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 4, handle 12a is attached to holder 87 carrying gear 88 having a key operating in keyway 11 and an idler gear for engaging gears 90. Shaft 89 has a series of eighteen fixed gears 90 thereon in small increments of size and number of teeth. Idler 91 meshing with gear 88 is adapted to be meshed with gears 90 in the various longitudinally adjusted positions of handle 12.4. These eighteen gears are used in connection with six sizes of wire so that an average of three adjustments are provided for each wire size. The other sizes of wire are multiples thereof so that when, as in the case of the machine shown in the drawings, there are provided five breakdown gear ratios there will be provided ninety adjustments for 5 x 6 or thirty wire sizes.

Gear 92 on shaft 89 meshes with larger gear 93 fixed to upper shaft 94 having keyway 95. Upper handle 96 operates holder 97 carrying gear 98 which has a key operating in keyway 95. Holder 97 also carries gear 99, in mesh with gear 98, and which is adapted to mesh with various idler or compound gears on shaft 100. Set of gears 101 are fixed to shaft, whereas sets of gears 102 and 103, at the right thereof are loosely mounted on shaft 100. Gear 104 is loose and set of gears 105 is also an idler set. Shaft 106, parallel to shaft 100 is in cooperative relation thereto. It has fixed thereon gears 107, 108, 109, 110 and 111 meshing with gears 101-105, re spectively. Handle 96 is shifted longitudinally to mesh gear 99 with the desired gear on shaft 100; thus the various gear ratios are obtained.

Then there is a connection to threaded shaft 36 to reciprocate the carriage. Gear 112 on shaft 106 meshes with idler gear 113 on shaft 114. This idler 113 meshes with gear 115 on shaft 36. Because of the intermediate idler gear 113, when clutch 84 is in operation shaft 36 rotates in the same direction as shaft 106. This controls movement of the carriage in one direction. On shaft 106 is fixed gear 116 which meshes with gear 117 on shaft 36. When clutch 83 is in operation, shafts 106 and 36 rotate in opposite directions, so that the carriage will now move in the reverse direction. The operation of the clutches to reverse the carriage is obtained by the electrical system including switches 43, latching relay and solenoids 78 and 79. A substitute electrical control system may be used to achieve the same result.

There are numerous advantages inherent in our new machine. Ninety gear changes for thirty wire sizes are obtained with the use of only two handles. Positive and accurate operation is obtained by the two-way solenoid operated reversing friction clutch for the carriage and microswitch controls for the same. Also alternate microswitches on the machine connected in parallel with the above facilitate the set-up, etc., by allowing reversing of the carriage without changing the length adjustment or running to the end of the travel. Adjusting the winding length equally both ways from the center permits ready adjustment for winding pyramid coils. The lock on the frame pivoted on the carriage is readily operated, as well as the engaging and retracting control on the tail stock which embodies a toggle action with adjustable positive lock position. The take-off arrangement is of considerable importance in inserting a new mandrel into the machine. In front of the mandrel and associated element is an adjustable table, not shown, for facilitating feeding of paper to the mandrel; the table may be mounted in various ways, as by horizontal pivots or other suitable device.

What is claimed is:

1. In coil winding mechanism, a spindle and a tailstock, a mandrel removably held between said spindle and tailstock and adapted to carry coils, a take-oif arrangement having pivoted arms for holding a wound mandrel in parallel and linear alignment with said spindle so that another mandrel may be inserted and wires lined up and taped thereto quickly and accurately, and means for locking said arms in upper and lower positions, means on the arms for receiving said first mandrel when the latter are in lower position and permitting the insertion of an alternate mandrel over wires extending from said first mandrel and into position between said spindle and tailstock.

2. In coil winding mechanism, a spindle and a tailstock, a mandrel removably held between said spindle and tailstock and adapted to carry coils, a take-off arrangement having pivoted arms for holding a wound mandrel in parallel and linear alignment with said spindle so that another mandrel may be inserted and wires lined up and taped thereto quickly and accurately, and means for locking said arms in upper and lower positions, means for receiving said first mandrel on said arms when the latter are in lower position and permitting the insertion of an alternate mandrel over wires extending from said first mandrel and into position between said spindle and tailstock, and whereby said wires can be taped to said additional mandrel.

3. In coil winding mechanism, a spindle and a tailstock, a mandrel removably held between said spindle and tailstock and adapted to carry coils, the improvement which comprises said tailstock having an extension, av pivoted fork, a pin on said extension embraced by said fork and a toggle for shifting said fork to move said extension, a casing for said toggle and fork, the casing constituting a stop, said toggle contacting said stop when it is in locking position, and an adjustment to vary the position of said toggle.

4. In coil winding mechanism, a spindle and a tailstock, a mandrel removably held between said spindle and tailstock and adapted to carry coils, the improvemeat which comprises a pivoted frame mounted on a carriage, wire guide means mounted on said frame in parallel with said mandrel, and means for locking said pivoted frame to said carriage including a rod in said frame, a handle on one end of said rod, and pressure plates operable by rotation of said rod to grip said carriage at both ends.

5. In coil winding mechanism, a spindle and a tailstock, a mandrel removably held between said spindle and tailstock and adapted to carry coils, the improvement which comprises a pivoted frame mounted on a carriage, Wire guide means mounted on said frame in parallel with said mandrel, and means for locking said pivoted frame to said carriage including a rod in said frame, a handle on one end of said rod, the other end of said rod being threaded, a threaded pressure plate cooperating therewith, said plate being operable by rotation of said rod to grip said carriage.

6. In coil winding mechanism, a spindle and a tailstock, a mandrel removably held between said spindle and tailstock and adapted to carry coils, the improvement which comprises a pivoted frame mounted on a carriage, wire guide means mounted on said frame in parallel with said mandrel, and means for locking said pivoted frame to said carriage 'scluding a rod in said frame, a handle on one end of said rod, the other end of said rod being threaded, a pair of pressure plates on the ends of said rod, one of said plates being threaded and cooperating with said threaded rod end, the other plate being adjaeent to said handle, said plates being operable by rotation of said rod to grip said carriage at both ends.

7. In coil winding mechanism, a spindle and a tailstock, a mandrel removably held between said spindle and tailstock and adapted to carry coils, the improvement which comprises said tailstock having an extension, a housing through which said extension is axially movable, a pivoted fork within the housing, a pin on said extension embraced by said fork, a toggle within the housing pivotally connected to the fork for shifting said fork to cause the same to axially move the extension and hold the same in mandrel-maintaining position, said toggle being operative against a part of the housing when in its locked position, and means operative externally of the housing for varying the position of the toggle.

8. In a coil winding mechanism, means for supporting and rotating a mandrel to form coils thereon, said supporting means including bearings in which the mandrel is removably supported, a plurality of pivotal arms between which a wound mandrel is supported in parallel and linear alignment with the first-mentioned mandrel, and means for pivotally moving the arms with the second mandrel supported thereby to line up coil wire on the second mandrel with the first mandrel and to tape said wire to the first mandrel, and means for locking the arms in upper and lower positions.

9. In a coil winding mechanism, a spindle and a tailstock carrying a mandrel between them and on which coils are to be wound, a take-off arrangement comprising a pair of pivoted arms between which a wound mandrel is held; said latter mandrel being located in parallel and linear alignment with the first mandrel to enable wires from the wound mandrel to be extended over the first mandrel and taped thereto, a ratchet and a dog on the end of one of said arms to permit one-way rotation of the wound mandrel, and means for locking said arms in upper and lower positions.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 768,608 Le Blond Aug. 30, 1904 855,038 Ball May 28, 1907 1,547,274 Varley July 28, 1925 1,817,884 Vienneau Aug. 4, 1931 2,064,287 Bieling Dec. 15, 1936 2,200,000 Johnstone May 7, 1940 2,485,151 Gorrell Oct. 18, 1949 2,531,962 Bancroft Nov. 28, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS 523,054 France Apr. 13, 1921 322,318 Great Britain Dec. 5, 1929 414,358 Great Britain July 31, 1934 272,935 Switzerland Apr. 2. 1951 

